A Venturi Scrubber (also known as a Venturi Washer) is a type of wet dust collection equipment. It utilizes the pressure drop generated when high-velocity gas passes through a converging section (the Venturi tube) to atomize a liquid (typically water) into extremely fine droplets. These droplets then collide and coalesce with the dust-laden gas, achieving dust capture and gas purification.

The Venturi scrubber body consists of three sections: the converging section, the throat, and the diverging section.

Its working process can be divided into the following three stages:

1. Acceleration and Atomization (at the Throat)

Dust-laden gas enters the converging section at a relatively low velocity. As the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, the gas stream is continuously accelerated. When passing through the narrowest throat, the gas velocity reaches its maximum (typically 60 to 120 m/s). At this point, water is injected at the throat or the end of the converging section. Under the impact of the high-velocity gas stream, the water is intensely atomized into a large number of extremely fine droplets (approximately several tens of microns in diameter).

2. Collision and Coalescence (at the Throat and Front of the Diverging Section)

The high-velocity gas carries both dust particles and fine water droplets. Under intense turbulence and relative motion, the droplets collide vigorously with the dust particles. Fine dust is captured by the droplets (through inertial impaction and interception), and small droplets coalesce into larger ones.

3. Separation and Dehydration (at the Diverging Section and Subsequent Separator)

The dust-laden droplets enter the diverging section. As the cross-section gradually expands, the gas velocity decreases rapidly. The dust-laden droplets are then separated from the purified gas under the action of gravity or centrifugal force (via a downstream cyclone separator or dewatering device), and settle to the bottom for discharge. The clean gas is discharged from the top.